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Welcome to Live Text Access.

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Training for real-time
intralingual subtitlers.

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This is Unit 4, Entrepreneurship
and service competence.

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Element 2, Stress management
and personal skills.

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This presentation is about
causes of stress

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and techniques
to handle stressful situations.

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The material are created
by SUBTI-Access and ZDF Digital.

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This is the learning outcome:

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Explain the main causes of stress
derived from the job

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and different working contexts,

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and list coping techniques before,
during, and after live situations,

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and develop personal resilience.

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What is stress?

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Stress is the body's reaction
to any change

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that requires an adjustment
or response.

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The body reacts to these changes
with physical, mental,

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and emotional responses.

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Stress is a normal part of life.

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You can experience stress
from your environment,

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your body and your thoughts.

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But only if the resources
are not sufficient,

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a stress reaction is triggered.

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The psychologist Lazarus
was the first who assume

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that it is not the characteristic
of the stimulei

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or situation that are important
for the stress reaction

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but the individual cognitive
processing of the person affected.

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According to this stress model
every new or unknown situation

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is cognitive evaluated in two phases:

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The primary appraisal:

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To identify if the situation
contains a risk.

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And the secondary appraisal
is to identify

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if the situation can be handled
with the available resources.

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Stress is any occurrence
where a discrepancy exists

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between requirements
on the one hand

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and one’s own reaction capacities
on the other.

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Now we will have a look
at stressful situations

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derived from the job
as a intralingual subtitler.

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These are examples for stressful
situations during Live-TV:

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You have to deal with time pressure
most of the times.

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Also technical issues
can come up,

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like problems with
the transmission or broadcast line

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or the computer
programm is not working.

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In Live-TV situations it is not
possible to get a direct feedback

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from the user,
which can make you insecure

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or vulnerable for stress.

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Sometimes speakers
have difficult speech sytles,

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like a strong accent
or a difficult syntax.

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Especially at complex topics
it is possible

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that you are not able to understand
or follow the content,

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which makes the work
very difficult and stressful.

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In the working enviroment
of the parliament

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the causes of stress
are very similar.

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Except that at the parlliament

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it is possible to get
a direct feedback of the user.

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When working for individual
clients on location,

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very often you need to find the right
location where your job will be.

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This is not always easy

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when it is for example
in a big school or in a big company.

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Also setting up your equipment
in an unknown environment

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can sometimes be a challenge.

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For example
where is the best place to sit

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and where is the electricity?

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Since you are not able
to test the audio beforehand,

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sometimes it is very difficult
to hear the speakers.

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For example in a big room,

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where the speaker is far away
from where you are seated

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and doesn‘t use a microphone.

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You also don‘t want to disturb
the meeting too much

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when the sound is not optimal.

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Not all people
are aware of the job everytime.

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You don‘t always have time
to explain it.

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And sometimes people see it
as an invasion of their workspace

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when someone
they don‘t know is there.

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I want to mention
another important point

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in the work as a realtime
intralingual subtitler.

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The multitasking.

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Because several cognitive processes
perform simultaneously

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while maintaining
concentration and accuracy.

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Now we have a look
at the personal resilience.

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Of course it is not always easy
to work in a stressful situation.

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But once you are in it you should try
to deal with the best you can.

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For example try to relax
and don’t tense up your muscles.

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Try not to get angry
or show your frustration.

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There is no use to change it
at that moment.

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Don’t forget - it is only your job.

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It is not a matter of life and death.

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You are just trying to do
the job the best way possible.

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And when you have
breaks for coffee or recess,

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try to use your time
the best way possible.

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Take a walk, have a drink,
relax your muscles,

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do some exercises.

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Personal resilience is the ability

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to cope with extreme
stress-provoking events

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without experiencing any personal
stress signs or symptoms.

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How to build up
your personal resilience:

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Make sure to be well prepared
before every job.

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For example make sure there aren’t
any technical safety problems.

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And get familiar
with the content and vocabulary.

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Develop and nurture
a broad network of personal

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and professional relationships.

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So you can talk to colleagues about
problems and barriers afterwards

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which helps you for the next job.

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Think about your work, the situation
and the circumstances

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and reflect them.

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And stay optimistic and remember:

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Every experience
makes you more confident.

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To have stress is part of the job

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and the goal is to handle these
stressful situations the best way.

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The knowledge about sources
of stress.

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Learn from mistakes and practice
techniques to handle stress.

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For everybody
different techniques fits best.

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Find out what’s your way
to deal with stress.

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And remember: Only
if the resources are not sufficient,

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a stress reaction is triggered.

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Stay optimistic.

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Thank you for your attention.

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